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ABSTRACT
The stem bark of Holoptelea grandis, a medicinal plant belonging to the family ulmaceae, is used ethnomedicinally for managing arthritis, rheumatism, oedema and ophthalmia. It is also used as vermifuge and a laxative in some parts of Africa. The aim of this study is to isolate, purify and characterize some active compounds from the stem bark methanol extract of H. grandis and evaluate the biological activities of the isolate. Column Chromatographic separation was performed on the methanol extract using ethyl acetate and petroleum ether as solvent systems of increasing polarity to obtain fractions from H. grandis. The first bulked fraction was subjected to isolation and purification to obtain a pure isolate (BFA2). Spectroscopic analysis was employed to characterize and elucidate the chemical structure of the isolate. Antioxidant assays (DPPH free radical scavenging and TAC) and in vitro anthelmintic assay, were finally performed on the isolated compound. FTIR analysis of the isolate (BFA2) indicated the presence of various functional groups including O-H stretch and carbonyl functionality. The column chromatographic analysis led to the isolation of a triterpenoid compound (BFA2) which was characterized and identified as friedelan-3-one. The compound showed antioxidant activity (IC50 of 31.32 ± 6.90 μg/mL for DPPH radical scavenging assay and IC50 of 821.425 ± 27.866 mgGAE/g for TAC). The compound also showed significant anthelmintic activity (P < 0.0001). The results obtained suggest that the methanolic stem bark extract of Holoptelea grandis contains the compound friedelan-3-one which exhibited anthelmintic and antioxidant and activities. This is the first report of the isolation of friedelan-3-one from H. grandis and also its anthelmintic. The results obtained validate the ethnomedicinal usage of Holoptelea grandis.
Keywords: friedelan-3-one; anthelmintic potential; Holoptelea grandis; isolation;
antioxidant activity.