Speaker
Description
ABSTRACT
This research focuses on improving lithium-ion battery performance and safety by developing a smarter Battery Management System (BMS). Lithium-ion batteries power everything from phones to electric cars, but their performance and safety depend heavily on how well they’re monitored and managed. Traditional BMS designs treat the whole battery pack as a single unit, which can hide problems in individual cells. This solution monitors each cell separately in real-time, tracking key parameters like voltage, current and temperature. The proposed system uses a dedicated battery monitoring integrated circuit (BQ76952PFBR) paired with an ESP32 microcontroller to achieve precise, per-cell data acquisition. Key metrics such as State of Charge (SoC) and State of Health (SoH) are continuously tracked, allowing for immediate detection of anomalies or underperforming units. A dynamic voltage balancing mechanism(passive), implemented using MOSFETs, ensures uniform charge distribution during charging and discharging cycles, reducing the risk of overvoltage or deep discharge in weaker cells. Additionally, Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistors provide real-time thermal monitoring, enabling the system to prevent overheating and potential thermal runaway, a critical safety feature. By tracking cell-level issues early, this approach extends battery life, improves safety, and reduces waste, making it especially useful for renewable energy storage.