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Description
This research combines the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with geospatial technologies (GIS/RS) to evaluate groundwater potential in the Bole District of Ghana, focusing on climate-smart agriculture (CSA). It considers seven environmental factors—precipitation, drainage density, lineament density, geology, slope, soil characteristics, and land use/land cover—using AHP to create a groundwater potential map. The findings show that only 8% of the district has a high groundwater storage capacity, with the majority (92%) showing minimal potential. The areas with the best prospects are five key settlements: Kwame Kwasi, Jugboi, Babato, Bamboi, and Chibrungo. An analysis of spatial data indicates that these regions are ideal for CSA due to favourable conditions such as moderate slopes (2°–4°), clay-rich soils, and agricultural land, which support techniques like drip irrigation, agroforestry, and solar-powered pumping. The study also highlights that effective groundwater management in these areas could potentially triple crop yields during the dry season and improve resilience to climate change, although it faces challenges like infrastructure issues, governance limitations, and variability in recharge due to climate change. This comprehensive approach offers a model for sustainable groundwater management in semi-arid areas.